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2021 Dec 400-101 cisco ccie written:

Q251. Refer to the exhibit. 

If a connection failure occurs between R1 and R2, which two actions can you take to allow CR-1 to reach the subnet 192.168.192.0/24 on R2? (Choose two.) 

A. Create a static route on R1 for subnet 192.168.192.0/24 towards R3 and redistribute it into OSPF. 

B. Turn up a BGP session between CR-1 and R1. 

C. Create a static route on R1 for subnet 192.168.192.0/24 towards R3 and redistribute it into BGP. 

D. Turn up an EIGRP session between R1 and R3 with AS 65535. 

E. Create an OSPF virtual link between CR-1 and R2 to bypass R1. 

Answer: A,B 


Q252. Which two protocols are used to establish IPv6 connectivity over an MPLS network? (Choose two.) 

A. 6PE 

B. 6VPE 

C. RSVP 

D. ISATAP 

E. LDP 

F. IPv6IP 

Answer: A,B 


Q253. Refer to the exhibit. 

Which feature can R1 use to fail over from R2 to R3 if the address for R2 becomes unavailable? 

A. object tracking 

B. HSRP 

C. GLBP 

D. LACP 

Answer: A 

Explanation: 

The object tracking feature allows you to create a tracked object that multiple clients can use to modify the client behavior when a tracked object changes. Several clients register their interest with the tracking process, track the same object, and take different actions when the object state changes. 

Clients include the following features: 

. Embedded Event Manager (EEM) 

. Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) 

. Hot Standby Redundancy Protocol (HSRP) 

. Virtual port channel (vPC) 

. Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) 

The object tracking monitors the status of the tracked objects and communicates any changes made to interested clients. Each tracked object is identified by a unique number that clients can use to configure the action to take when a tracked object changes state. 

Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/datacenter/sw/5_x/nx-os/unicast/configuration/guide/l3_cli_nxos/l3_object.html 


Q254. Which three options are sub-subfields of the IPv4 Option Type subfield? (Choose three.) 

A. Option Class 

B. GET 

C. Copied 

D. PUSH 

E. Option Number 

F. TTL 

Answer: A,C,E 

Explanation: 

Each IP option has its own subfield format, generally structured as shown below. For most options, all three subfields are used. Option Type, Option Length and Option Data. 

Reference: http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPDatagramOptionsandOptionFormat.htm 


Q255. Refer to the exhibit. 

The interface FastEthernet0/1 of both routers R4 and R5 is connected to the same Ethernet segment with a multicast receiver. Which two statements are true? (Choose two) 

A. Multicast traffic that is destined to a receiver with IP address 192.168.2.6 will flow through router R4. 

B. Both routers R4 and R5 will send PIM join messages to the RP. 

C. Only router R5 will send a multicast join message to the RP. 

D. Multicast traffic that is destined to a receiver with IP address 192.168.2.6 will flow through router R5. 

Answer: C,D 

Explanation: 

Even though R4 is the active HSRP router, traffic will flow through R5 and only R5 will send the join messages. The Multicast DR is elected by the higher IP address or priority. R5 has 192.168.2.2 and R4 has 192.168.2.1. R5 is the DR which sends all packets to the RP. 


Avant-garde 400-101 cisco ccie written:

Q256. Refer to the exhibit. 

What kind of problem is detected? 

A. The packet types that are being sent are unknown. 

B. The maximum MTU size that can be used is 1492. 

C. Waiting for a reply timed out. 

D. Fragmentation starts to occur when the MTU of 1472 is reached. 

Answer: B 


Q257. Refer to the exhibit. 

Assume that Cisco Discovery Protocol is supported and enabled only on switches A and C. 

Which information is returned when you issue the command show cdp neighbors on switch C? 

A. a limited amount of information about switch B 

B. neighbor details for switch A 

C. neighbor details for switch B 

D. neighbor details for switch C 

Answer: B 


Q258. Which three features require Cisco Express Forwarding? (Choose three.) 

A. NBAR 

B. AutoQoS 

C. fragmentation 

D. MPLS 

E. UplinkFast 

F. BackboneFast 

Answer: A,B,D 

Explanation: 

QoS Features That Require CEF 

These class-based QoS features are supported only on routers that run CEF. 

.Network Based Application Recognition (NBAR) provides intelligent network classification. For more information, refer to Network Based Application Recognition. 

. The AutoQoS -VoIP feature simplifies and speeds up the implementation and provisioning of QoS for VoIP traffic. This feature is enabled with the help of the auto qos voip command. CEF must be enabled at the interface or ATM PVC before the auto qos command can be used. For more information about this feature and its prerequisites, refer to AutoQoS -VoIP. 

From MPLS Fundamentals - Luc De Ghein 

Why Is CEF Needed in MPLS Networks? 

Concerning MPLS, CEF is special for a certain reason; otherwise, this book would not explicitly cover it. Labeled packets that enter the router are switched according to the label forwarding information base (LFIB) on the router. IP packets that enter the router are switched according to the CEF table on the router. Regardless of whether the packet is switched according to the LFIB or the CEF table, the outgoing packet can be a labeled packet or an IP packet 

Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/asynchronous-transfer-mode-atm/ip-to-atm-class-of-service/4800-cefreq.html 


Q259. You are configuring a DMVPN spoke to use IPsec over a physical interface that is located within a VRF. For which three configuration sections must you specify the VRF name? (Choose three.) 

A. the ISAKMP profile 

B. the crypto keyring 

C. the IPsec profile 

D. the IPsec transform set 

E. the tunnel interface 

F. the physical interface 

Answer: B,E,F 

Explanation: 

ip vrf forwardingvrf-name 

Example: 

Router(config-if)# ip vrf forwarding green 

Associates a virtual private network (VPN) routing and forwarding (VRF) instance with an interface or subinterface. 

. vrf-name is the name assigned to a VRF. 

Router(config-if)# tunnel vrfvrf-name 

Example: 

Router(config-if)# tunnel vrf finance1 

Associates a VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) instance with a specific tunnel destination. vrf-name is the name assigned to a VRF. 

Router(config)# crypto keyringkeyring-name [vrf fvrf-name] 

Defines a crypto keyring to be used during IKE authentication and enters keyring configuration mode. 

. keyring-name—Name of the crypto keyring. 

. fvrf-name—(Optional) Front door virtual routing and forwarding (FVRF) name to which the keyring will be referenced. fvrf-name must match the FVRF name that was defined during virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) configuration 


Q260. Refer to the exhibit. 

Which two statements about the device that generated the output are true? (Choose two.) 

A. The SPT-bit is set. 

B. The sparse-mode flag is set. 

C. The RP-bit is set. 

D. The source-specific host report was received. 

Answer: A,D 

Explanation: 

In this example we can see that the s, T, and I flags are set. Here is a list of the flags and their meanings: 

show ip mroute Field Descriptions 

Field Description 

Flags: 

Provides information about the entry. 

D - Dense 

Entry is operating in dense mode. 

S - Sparse 

Entry is operating in sparse mode. 

B - Bidir Group 

Indicates that a multicast group is operating in bidirectional mode. 

s - SSM Group Indicates that a multicast group is within the SSM range of IP addresses. This flag is reset if the SSM range changes. 

C - Connected 

A member of the multicast group is present on the directly connected interface. 

L - Local 

The router itself is a member of the multicast group. 

P - Pruned 

Route has been pruned. The Cisco IOS software keeps this information so that a downstream member can join the source. 

R - RP-bit set 

Indicates that the (S, G) entry is pointing toward the RP. This is typically prune state along the shared tree for a particular source. 

F - Register flag 

Indicates that the software is registering for a multicast source. 

T - SPT-bit set 

Indicates that packets have been received on the shortest path source tree. 

J - Join SPT 

For (*, G) entries, indicates that the rate of traffic flowing down the shared tree is exceeding the SPT-Threshold set for the group. (The default SPT-Threshold setting is 0 kbps.) When the J- Join shortest path tree (SPT) flag is set, the next (S, G) packet received down the shared tree triggers an (S, G) join in the direction of the source, thereby causing the router to join the source tree. 

For (S, G) entries, indicates that the entry was created because the SPT-Threshold for the group was exceeded. When the J- Join SPT flag is set for (S, G) entries, the router monitors the traffic rate on the source tree and attempts to switch back to the shared tree for this source if the traffic rate on the source tree falls below the SPT-Threshold of the group for more than 1 minute. 

M - MSDP created entry 

Indicates that a (*, G) entry was learned through a Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) peer. This flag is only applicable for a rendezvous point (RP) running MSDP. 

X - Proxy Join Timer Running 

Indicates that the proxy join timer is running. This flag is only set for (S, G) entries of an RP or "turnaround" router. A "turnaround" router is located at the intersection of a shared path (*, G) tree and the shortest path from the source to the RP. 

A - Advertised via MSDP 

Indicates that an (S, G) entry was advertised through an MSDP peer. This flag is only applicable for an RP running MSDP. 

U - URD 

Indicates that a URD channel subscription report was received for the (S, G) entry. 

I - Received Source Specific Host Report 

Indicates that an (S, G) entry was created by an (S, G) report. This (S, G) report could have been created by IGMPv3, URD, or IGMP v3lite. This flag is only set on the designated router (DR). 

Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/12_0s/feature/guide/12s_ssm.html