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2021 Dec 400-101 ccie routing and switching written exam fee:
Q521. Which statement is true about IGMP?
A. Multicast sources send IGMP messages to their first-hop router, which then generates a PIM join message that is then sent to the RP.
B. Multicast receivers send IGMP messages to their first-hop router, which then forwards the IGMP messages to the RP.
C. IGMP messages are encapsulated in PIM register messages and sent to the RP.
D. Multicast receivers send IGMP messages to signal their interest to receive traffic for specific multicast groups.
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the example shown above, the receivers (the designated multicast group) are interested in receiving the video data stream from the source. The receivers indicate their interest by sending an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) host report to the routers in the network. The routers are then responsible for delivering the data from the source to the receivers.
Reference:
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/solutions_docs/ip_multicast/White_papers/mcst_o vr.html
Q522. Refer to the exhibit.
You discover that only 1.5 Mb/s of web traffic can pass during times of congestion on the given network.
Which two options are possible reasons for this limitation? (Choose two.)
A. The web traffic class has too little bandwidth reservation.
B. Video traffic is using too much bandwidth.
C. The service-policy is on the wrong interface.
D. The service-policy is going in the wrong direction.
E. The NAT policy is adding too much overhead.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
In this example, the web traffic will fall into the default class, which is only 15 percent of the 10Mbps Internet connection (1.5Mbps). Meanwhile, video traffic is allowed 50% of the 10 Mbps.
Q523. DRAG DROP
Drag and drop the DSCP PHB on the left to the corresponding binary representation on the right.
Answer:
Q524. Which two statements are true about RSTP? (Choose two.)
A. By default, RTSP uses a separate TCN BPDU when interoperating with 802.1D switches.
B. By default, RTSP does not use a separate TCN BPDU when interoperating with 802.1D switches.
C. If a designated port receives an inferior BPDU, it immediately triggers a reconfiguration.
D. By default, RTSP uses the topology change TC flag.
E. If a port receives a superior BPDU, it immediately replies with its own information, and no reconfiguration is triggered.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
The RSTP does not have a separate topology change notification (TCN) BPDU. It uses the topology change (TC) flag to show the topology changes.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/lan/catalyst2950/software/release/12-1_9_ea1/configuration/guide/scg/swmstp.html
Q525. Which statement about a type 4 LSA in OSPF is true?
A. It is an LSA that is originated by an ABR, that is flooded throughout the AS, and that describes a route to the ASBR.
B. It is an LSA that is originated by an ASBR, that is flooded throughout the AS, and that describes a route to the ASBR.
C. It is an LSA that is originated by an ASBR, that is flooded throughout the area, and that describes a route to the ASBR.
D. It is an LSA that is originated by an ABR, that is flooded throughout the AS, and that describes a route to the ABR.
E. It is an LSA that is originated by an ABR, that is flooded throughout the area, and that describes a route to the ASBR.
Answer: E
Explanation:
LSA Type 4 (called Summary ASBR LSA) is generated by the ABR to describe an ASBR to routers in other areas so that routers in other areas know how to get to external routes through that ASBR.
Updated ccie written dumps 400-101:
Q526. Which BGP feature prevents a router from installing an iBGP learned route in its routing table until the route is validated within the IGP?
A. confederation
B. aggregation
C. advertise-map
D. synchronization
Answer: B
Q527. DRAG DROP
Drag and drop the events on the left to dispaly the correct sequence on the right when CoPP is enabled.
Answer:
Q528. Which two OSPF LSA types are flooded within the originating area? (Choose two.)
A. type 1, Router LSA
B. type 2, Network LSA
C. type 3, Network Summary LSA
D. type 4, ASBR Summary LSA
E. type 6, Group Membership LSA
F. type 9, Opaque LSA
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
OSPF relies on several types of Link State Advertisements (LSAs) to communicate link state information between neighbors. A brief review of the most applicable LSA types:
. Type 1 - Represents a router
. Type 2 - Represents the pseudonode (designated router) for a multiaccess link
. Type 3 - A network link summary (internal route)
. Type 4 - Represents an ASBR
. Type 5 - A route external to the OSPF domain
. Type 7 - Used in stub areas in place of a type 5 LSA LSA types 1 and 2 are found in all areas, and are never flooded outside of an area. They are only flooded within the area that they originated from.
Reference: http://packetlife.net/blog/2008/jun/24/ospf-area-types/
Q529. Which two statements about IP SLAs are true? (Choose two.)
A. They are Layer 2 transport independent.
B. Statistics are collected and stored in the RIB.
C. Data for the delay performance metric can be collected both one-way and round-trip.
D. Data can be collected with a physical probe.
E. They are used primarily in the distribution layer.
Answer: A,E
Q530. Which BGP feature allows a router to maintain its current BGP configuration while it advertises a different AS number to new connections?
A. local-AS
B. next-hop-self
C. allow-AS in
D. soft reset
Answer: A
Explanation:
The local-AS feature allows a router to appear to be a member of a second autonomous system (AS), in addition to its real AS. This feature can only be used for true eBGP peers. The local-AS feature is useful if ISP-A purchases ISP-B, but ISP-B's customers do not want to modify any peering arrangements or configurations. The local-AS feature allows routers in ISP-B to become members of ISP-A's AS. At the same time, these routers appear to their customers to retain their ISP-B AS number.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/border-gateway-protocol-bgp/13761-39.html